Italian 
English OPINIONI - Opinions
Volume:
Biochimica Clinica 2018; 42(4) 327-334
Pubblicato on-line:
Settembre 24, 2018
DOI:
10.19186/BC_2018.056
Diagnostica di laboratorio del rischio nefrolitiasico
AUTORI
1Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica Presidio Ospedaliero dei Pellegrini ASL Napoli 1 Centro
2Laboratorio di Farmacia Ospedale Santa Chiara di Trento
3Nefrologia e Dialisi Presidio Ospedaliero dei Pellegrini ASL Napoli 1 Centro
4Nefrologia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Pausillipon-Santobono, Napoli
5Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli
6Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica Presidio Ospedaliero S. Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili ASL Napoli 1 Centro
7Urologia Policlinico Umberto I, Roma
ABSTRACT
Laboratory diagnostics of the nephrolithasic risk.
Laboratory diagnostics of the nephrolithasic risk. The urinary metabolic study is carried out for the evaluation of patients at the first episode of lithiasis but mainly for the monitoring of patients on therapy in order to prevent lithiasis recurrences. Following the indication of the general practitioner or of the nephrologist, our laboratory performs the analysis of both daily and first morning urine to extrapolate the tendency (relative supra-saturation) to form the most common urinary calculi (calcium oxalate, mono calcium phosphate acid, uric acid). In this paper we review the role of the different ions and urinary components in favoring or inhibiting stone formation. Then, we present the whole workflow for the characterization of the tendency of kidney stones formation, from the instructions to the patient for the collection of urines to the interpretative report. Regarding the analytical issues, we briefly present the methods, not commercially available, developed in our center that can be adapted to common biochemical analyzers allowing a complete characterization of the lithiasic tendency without the use of more specialized instrumentation.